¹Taylor, Dexter; Miller, Ted; and Cox, Kenya. “Impaired Driving in the United States Cost Fact Sheets.” (Washington, DC: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 2002). http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/people/injury/alcohol/ impaired_driving_pg2/US.htm

²George L. Kelling, Catherine M. Coles (Contributor), James Q. Wilson, Fixing Broken Windows: Restoring Order and Reducing Crime in Our Communities (Free Press, 1996).

³See Gladwell, Malcolm, The Tipping Point: How Little Things Make a Big Difference, (2000)].

⁴M. Durose, E. Schmitt, and P. Langan, Contacts between Police and the Public: Findings from the 2002 National Survey (Bureau of Justice Statistics April 2005). http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/pub/pdf/cpp02.pdf

⁵The first photo on the cover is of an Accountability Driven Leadership process conducted by the Washington State Patrol (called the “Strategic Advancement Forum” and modeled after the New York Police Department Compstat process). On the first Friday of each month, every district commander (captain) in the state comes to headquarters to report to the executive staff on core mission activities. The first of the four core mission areas is traffic law enforcement (primarily DUI, Speed, Aggressive Driving, and Seat Belt enforcement). Commanders report on these activities as well as the number of fatality and injury collision patterns and trends. These commanders conduct similar forums in their districts with their lieutenants and sergeants.

⁶IACP Highway Safety Deskbook, http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/people/injury/enforce/deskbk.html

⁷Reduction in Alcohol-Related Traffic Fatalities—United States, 1990-1992, 271 J. A.M.A. 99 (January 23, 1994).

⁸See Duncan v. Cone, 2000 U.S. App. LEXIS 33221 (6th Cir. 2000); Smelser v. Troutdale, 2000 U.S. App. LEXIS 16134 (9th Cir. 2000); Roberts v. State, 2000 U.S. App. LEXIS 22753; 2000 Colo. J. C.A.R. 5225 (10th Cir. 2000); John Doe No. 1 v. Ga. Dep't of Pub. Safety, 147 F. Supp. 2d 1369 (U.S.D.C. N. D. Ga. 2001); McFarland v. Mackey, 1988 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 15638 (U.S.D.C. Mass. 1988); Flatt v. Miller, 1996 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 1883 (U.S.D.C. W. D. Mich. 1996); League of United Latin Am. Citizens v. Bredesen, 2004 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 26507 (U.S.D.C. M. D. Tn. 2004); Wells v. Malloy, 402 F. Supp. 856 (U.S.D.C. Vt. 1975).